Antiknock compounds



Patented. July 21, 1931 UNITED STATES ROBERT 12'. W11.

PATENT OFFICE SON, 011 CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR TO STANDARD OIL COMPANY, OF WHITING, INDIANA, A CORPORATION OF INDIANA AN TIIKNOCK COMPOUNDS No Drawing. Application filed November The present invention relates to improvements in anti-knock compounds intended to be added to fuels ofthe gasoline type to prevent detonation or knocking in internalcombustion engines.

Mixtures of this type are known which contain as their principal constituents tetraethyl lead and an ethylene bromide compound. such as ethylene dibromide or ethylene chlorbromide. These mixtures usually .contain,

' in addition to these constituents, a diluent such as kerosene, a known mixture consisting of tetraethyl lead, 6 I parts; ethylene dibromide, 4 parts; and kerosene, 5 parts.

The use of mixtures of this character has been found to be objectionable, particularly in winter weather and in the northern parts of the United States, by reason of their relatively high freezing points. A mixture of 'point in the neighborhood of about 14 E, which causes great difliculties in its handling and dispensing at freezing temperatures and below.

It has now been found that this objectiona ble feature of mixtures such as that above described may be obviated 'by replacing a part orall of the ordinary diluent, such as kerosene, with a miscible diluent liquid hav- 1.08 (relative to the internal pressure of naphthalene as one). Thus, I may employ, as the miscible diluent, xylene, solvent naphtha, chlorbenzene, nitrobenzene or the like. For example, if, in the mixture above .set forth, one half of the kerosene is replaced by xylene or solvent naphtha, the freezing point of the mixture is redued to about 5 F.; and if all of the kerosene is replaced 40 by xylene or solvent naphtha, the freezing point is reduced to about 18 F. Substantial reductions in the freezing point of the mixture result from the use of chlorbenzene, nitrobenzene, and other diluent miscible liquids having internal pressures in the range above set forth.

The term freezing point, as used herein, indicates the temperature at which, on cooling, separation of crystals of the ethylene bromide compound appears.

the character above set forth has a freezing ing an internal pressure between 0.90 and s, 1924. Serial No. 748,721.

I claim: I

1. A concentrated anti-knock composition for addition in relatively small proportions to gasoline and like motor fuels comprising as its principal constituents tetraethyl lead, an ethylene compound containing halogen atoms at least one of which is a bromine atom, and an additional miscible diluent liquid having an internal pressure between 0.90 and 1.08.

2. A concentrated anti-knock composition for addition in relatively small proportions to gasoline and like motor fuels comprising as its principal constituents tetraethyl lead an an ethylene compound containing halogen atoms at least one of which is a bromlne atom, and xylene.

3. A concentrated anti-knock composition for admixture in relatively small proportions with gasoline and like motor fuels comprising as its principal constituents tetraethyl lead, ethylene dibromide, and a diluent consisting of equal parts of kerosene and xylene.

4. A concentrated anti-knock composition for admixture in relatively small proportions with gasoline and like motor fuels comprising tetraethyl lead 6 parts, ethylene dibromide 4 parts, and 5 parts of a diluent consisting of equal parts of kerosene and solvent naphtha.

' 5. A concentrated anti-knock composition for addition in relatively small proportions to gasoline and like motor fuels, comprising as its principal constituents tetraethyl lead, an ethylene compound containing halogen atoms at least one of which is a bromine atom, and a miscible diluent liquid selected from the group consisting of xylene, solvent naphtha, chlorbenzene, and nitrobenzene.

6. The method ofrcducing the freezing point of a concentrated anti-knock composition for addition in relatively small proportions to gasoline and like motor fuels, which composition contains, as its principal constituents, tctraethyl lead and an ethylene com.- pound containing halogen atoms at least one 95 of which is a bromine atom, which com rises admixing said composition-with an addltiona1 miscible diluent liquid having an internal pressure between .90 and 1.08.

ROBERT E. WILSON. 

